General on tunnels. Primary pressure in the terrain and pressure condition in the tunnel zone. Geotechnical classification of rock masses and the categorization of the excavation for tunnels. Basic construction and technical elements for designing tunnels and other underground structures. Characteristics of the tunnel route (axis and levelling), cross section profile elements (free profile, light profile, tunnel formworks for railroad and road tunnels). Calculations for underground structures (engineering and geology model, geotechnical model, calculation model). Calculations and dimensioning of primary and secondary coating for underground structures. Traditional and contemporary tunnel building methods. Tunnel building technology. Influence of underground excavations on the environment. Measuring in the phase of building and exploitation of underground structures. Basic procedures of geotechnical terrain melioration (injecting, drainage, anchoring). Protection of underground structures from water and moisture.