General assumptions on the origin of Earth, its crust and shallow surface zone in which construction activities take place. Application of mineralogy and petrology as a basis for investigations in the field of geotechnics. Physical-mechanical and technological properties of rocks used as construction materials, being a foundation for structures or a space to build structures in. Tectonic activities, spreading, creasing and cracking of rock masses. Applied hydro-geology. Geological aspects of seismicity of areas and influences of soil types on total seismicity. Endogenous and exogenous geological processes, conditions for their origin and engineering activities for preventing their hazardous influences. Principles and methods of geotechnical terrain examinations for diverse construction facilities.