Characteristics of software that directly relays on hardware. Software debugging and role of the processor simulator. More detailed knowledge of some elements of C programming language: size and representation of basic types; variable representation in hardware; memory allocation mechanisms; functions and calling convention; pointers and their relation to arrays; little and big endian; structures, unions and address alignment; build process and pre-processing. Revision control systems. Basic data structures that are frequently used in special purpose real-time systems. Special C language extensions: standard extension and compiler specific. Safety and reliability related topics: testing procedures, MISRA (and similar) rules and static code analysis.