Development of the spatial visualization ability, the knowledge of selected geometric forms on the two-dimensional (2D) display of parallel projection.

Ability to identify and interpret spatial relationships of studied spatial shapes from corresponding 2D displays as well as knowledge of their geometric structures. Ability to define optimal approximation of general forms for their constructive performance.

Basic element of spatial visualization. Projection, directions of observation and types of images of basic geometric forms. Criteria for obtaining typical views and positions of the object with an objective of direct detection of metric properties and recognition of spatial relationships of objects. Visibility concepts. Application of complex forms. Visualization of geometric structures of complex 3D forms. Analysis criteria of straight and cross-sectional surfaces, typical elements of these sections. Concepts of visibility and visual realism. Spatial and straight curves as guides or generators of "traditional" surfaces. Typical views and direct detection of geometric structures of those surfaces. Developable and nondevelopable surfaces; Straight line generated quadrics, conoids, cylindroids, helical surfaces, arches, vaults and domes, roofs, etc.. Shading and visual realism. Basic principles of shading. The shade light. Detection of typical elements in the shadows thrown in orthogonal and oblique views and axonometric images. Central and parallel lighting.

Lectures, computer exercises. Consultations.